Abstract There are many theories and empirical formulas for estimating the shear strength of reinforced concrete structures without transverse reinforcement. The security factor of any reinforced concrete structure. against a possible collapse. is that it does not depend on the tensile strength of the concrete and the formation of any collapse is ductile. https://www.hindigyanvishv.com/deal-time-Universal-Steering-Wheel-Control-Input-Interface-APUNISW2-hot-grab/